First we need ObjectID of Azure AD user, so connect to Azure AD and run (I used email address as SearchString:
(Get-AzureADUser -SearchString "<emailAddress>").ObjectID
Next, let’s find out onPremiseDistinguishedName:
(Get-AzureADUser -objectid <id from first step>).ExtensionProperty["onPremisesDistinguishedName"]
Output will be DistinguishedName of the user.